Pew Research
以下是華郵根據最新丕優研究報告的撰文，中立嚴謹。我逐段以谷歌中譯對照，方便讀者詳閱。
（維基：皮尤研究中心於2004年建立，總部設於華盛頓特區，就影響美國及全球的問題、態度與潮流提供信息資料。研究中心受皮尤慈善信託基金資助，資助投放於無傾向性項目之外，也支持倡議性項目。）
《華盛頓郵報》調查發現，中國在世界許多地區比美國更受歡迎
China has become more popular than US in much of world, survey finds
Story by Joshua Yang
Jul 16，2026
China has become more popular than US in much of world, survey finds
The Washington Post
People view China more favorably than the United States in countries across six continents, a stark shift seen in recent years as perceptions of the U.S. sour, according to findings by Pew Research Center.
皮尤研究中心的一項調查顯示，在六大洲的許多國家，人們對中國的看法比對美國更為正面。近年來，隨著人們對美國的看法惡化，這種轉變尤其顯著。
People in 27 of the 36 countries and territories surveyed have a higher opinion of China than the United States. Among the 20 nations also polled in the version of the survey Pew conducted last year, the median view in 2025 indicated more favorability for the U.S. than China.
在受訪的36個國家和地區中，有27個國家的民眾對中國的評價高於美國。在皮尤去年進行的一項調查中，對另外20個國家的民眾也表示，他們對2025年的中位數看法是，對美國的好感度高於對中國的好感度。
“Some of the views that we see of the U.S. are at or near historic lows,” said Laura Silver, associate director at Pew, a nonpartisan, Washington-based “fact tank.”
「我們看到的一些對美國的看法已經處於或接近歷史低點，」皮尤研究中心副主任勞拉·西爾弗（Laura Silver）表示。皮尤研究中心是位於華盛頓的無黨派智庫。
The shift comes amid a spate of highly visible, and controversial, U.S. involvements on the world stage, including the second Trump administration’s threats to annex Greenland and Canada, the ongoing war in Iran, the imposition of U.S. tariffs on nearly every economy in the world, the seizure of Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, the Pentagon’s targeting of boats in the Caribbean, and the gutting of U.S. foreign aid.
這一轉變正值美國在國際舞台上一系列備受矚目且極具爭議的舉動之際，其中包括川普第二任期內威脅吞併格陵蘭島和加拿大、持續不斷的伊朗戰爭、對幾乎所有經濟體加徵關稅、逮捕委內瑞拉總統尼古拉斯·馬杜羅、五角大樓在加勒比海地區對船隻進行打擊以及大幅削減美國對外援助。
At the same time, views of China have risen since the coronavirus pandemic, when they reached a “floor of extremely negative views,” said Silver, a co-author of the report. “The way global politics are playing out right now, we do see shifts in both [views of the U.S. and China] at the same time.”
同時，報告的合著者之一西爾弗表示，自新冠疫情爆發以來，人們對中國的看法有所回升，此前他們對中國的看法曾跌至“極度負面”的低谷。 “就目前全球政治格局而言，我們確實看到人們對美國和中國的看法同時發生了轉變。”
This year’s survey of 42,151 people carries an average margin of error of 3.9 percentage points.
今年這項針對42151人的調查的平均誤差幅度為3.9個百分點。
Countries that now view China more positively than the United States include longtime U.S. allies such as Britain, Canada, France and Germany. People in all four viewed the U.S. more favorably than or just as favorably as China last year, according to Pew’s data.
如今，對中國持正面態度的國家中，不乏美國的長期盟友，如英國、加拿大、法國和德國。皮尤研究中心的數據顯示，去年這四個國家的民眾對美國的看法都比對中國更積極，或至少與對中國的積極程度相當。
“The last two years have just decimated the idea that the United States can be trusted as a reliable partner in anything,” said Joshua Kurlantzick, a senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. “China has aggressively stepped in to take advantage of that.”
“過去兩年徹底摧毀了人們對美國作為可靠夥伴的信任，”外交關係委員會高級研究員約書亞·庫蘭茨克表示，“中國積極介入，抓住了這一機會。”
The shifts are dramatic in some cases. In Britain last year, 50 percent of people viewed the U.S. favorably, compared with 39 percent for China. This year, China’s favorability rose to 46 percent, while the United States’ sank to 41 percent.
在某些情況下，這種轉變尤其顯著。去年，英國民眾對美國持正面態度的比例為50%，而對中國持正面態度的比例為39%。今年，對中國的好感度上升至46%，而對美國的好感度則下降至41%。
Britain has seen its “special relationship” with the U.S. falter as President Donald Trump has levied tariffs on its close ally and voiced anger at the British government’s initial refusal to be drawn into the Iran war. The conflict in the Middle East also pushed inflation higher at a time when Britain was already struggling with a cost-of-living crisis.
隨著美國總統川普對英國這個親密盟友加徵關稅，並對英國政府最初拒絕捲入伊朗戰爭表示憤怒，英國與美國的「特殊關係」出現了裂痕。中東衝突也推高了通貨膨脹，而此時英國本已在努力應對生活成本危機。
The Iran war is another major factor in global perceptions that played out during the period in question: Pew began surveying respondents in early February, just before the start of the war, and collected responses into May. “We were able to look at how attitudes shifted when it comes to views of the United States as March and April dragged on,” Silver said. “In many countries, views of the United States were more negative if people were surveyed later, as the war had taken more of a toll.”
伊朗戰爭是影響全球輿論的另一個重要因素：皮尤研究中心在2月初，也就是戰爭爆發前夕，開始對受訪者進行調查，並一直收集到5月份的回應。 「我們得以觀察隨著3月和4月的推進，人們對美國的看法發生了怎樣的變化，」西爾弗說。 “在許多國家，如果調查時間較晚，人們對美國的看法會更加負面，因為戰爭的影響已經更加嚴重。”
Yet views remain highly varied. Closer to home, China remains unpopular with many of its neighbors. In recent years, China has used naval patrols and weaponized coast guard ships to press territorial claims in the South China Sea that Japan, the Philippines, Taiwan, Malaysia and Indonesia dispute. India and China have also clashed in the past few years over disputed territory along their shared border.
然而，人們的看法仍然存在很大分歧。就近而言，中國在許多鄰國仍然不受歡迎。近年來，中國利用海軍巡邏和武裝海警船在南海推進其領土主張，而日本、菲律賓、台灣、馬來西亞和印尼對此提出異議。過去幾年，印度和中國也因兩國共同邊界的領土爭端發生衝突。
People in Indo-Pacific countries allied with the U.S. — among them the Philippines, South Korea, Japan and India — remain more supportive of the U.S. than China, according to Pew’s data.
皮尤研究中心的數據顯示，與美國結盟的印太國家（包括菲律賓、韓國、日本和印度）的民眾仍更支持美國而非中國。
Japan, where Pew found 11 percent of people have favorable views of China, has emerged as a leader in the effort to contain China‘s ambitions in the Indo-Pacific. In November, tensions between China and Japan escalated when Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi suggested Japan would defend the self-governing island of Taiwan in the event of a Chinese invasion.
皮尤研究中心發現，11%的日本民眾對中國持好感，而日本已成為遏制中國在印太地區野心的領導者。去年11月，日本首相高市早苗暗示，如果中國入侵台灣，日本將保衛台灣，此舉加劇了中日緊張局勢。
China’s economic investments in less affluent Southeast and South Asian countries, however, could be tipping the scale back in Beijing’s favor. Since 2013, China’s Belt and Road initiative — an ambitious push to build infrastructure across much of the developing world, including Malaysia, Indonesia, Pakistan and Bangladesh — has helped burnish Beijing’s image abroad.
然而，中國在東南亞和南亞一些欠發達國家的經濟投資，可能正在使天平重新向北京傾斜。自2013年以來，中國的「一帶一路」倡議——一項旨在為包括馬來西亞、印尼、巴基斯坦和孟加拉在內的許多發展中國家建設基礎設施的雄心勃勃的計畫——幫助北京提升了其國際形象。
Among the countries surveyed, the most substantial share of support for China is in Pakistan, where 90 percent hold a favorable view of China and just 15 percent hold a favorable view of the United States. Pakistan boasts the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, often considered the “flagship” project of the Belt and Road initiative.
在受訪國家中，對中國支持率最高的是巴基斯坦，90%的巴基斯坦人對中國持正面看法，而對美國持正面看法的人僅佔15%。巴基斯坦擁有中巴經濟走廊，該走廊通常被認為是「一帶一路」倡議的「旗艦」計畫。
A similar pattern occurs in sub-Saharan Africa. Among other Belt and Road projects, Beijing has funded a port expansion in Ghana, urban mass transit in Nigeria, a major rail line in Kenya and wind power in South Africa.
撒哈拉以南非洲的情況也類似。除此之外，北京還資助了加納的港口擴建和城市公共交通等項目。
China enjoys net positive approval in the four African countries Pew surveyed, and only in Ghana is the U.S. more popular than China — barely.
在皮尤研究中心調查的四個非洲國家中，中國的淨支持率均為正值，僅在迦納，美國的人氣略高於中國——但差距極微。
The U.S. presence in Africa has been diminished under the second Trump presidency. The White House’s dismantling of the U.S. Agency for International Development in 2025 hit much of Africa, which previously received a quarter of all USAID funding, particularly hard. Nearly 80 percent of African embassies are without ambassadors — and of the four sub-Saharan African countries Pew surveyed, only South Africa has an American ambassador in the country.
在川普第二任期內，美國在非洲的影響力已有所減弱。白宮於2025年解散美國國際開發署（USAID）的舉措，對此前獲得該機構四分之一資金的非洲多數國家造成特別沉重的打擊。近80%的非洲大使館目前沒有大使——而在皮尤調查的四個撒哈拉以南非洲國家中，僅有南非駐有美國大使。
“China has more embassies [and] more diplomats than us now” in Africa, Kurlantzick said. “China has also launched a massive, massive global state media offensive with tons of resources. People in a lot of developing countries are getting much more of their news from [Chinese news agency] Xinhua.”
庫蘭齊克表示：「目前中國在非洲的使館數量和外交官人數都比我們多。」「中國還動用龐大資源，發起了規模極其龐大的全球官方媒體攻勢。許多發展中國家的人民，現在獲取新聞的主要來源是（中國新聞社）新華社。」
More broadly, the data suggests that global perceptions could be shifting to give less weight to freedom and democracy. In many countries where people view China more favorably than the United States, they nevertheless said the U.S. government is more likely than the Chinese government to respect its citizens’ personal freedoms, Pew found — though the gap in these perceptions has considerably narrowed since 2021.
更廣泛而言，數據顯示全球觀感可能正在轉變，對自由與民主的重視程度有所降低。皮尤研究中心發現，在許多民眾對中國的看法比對美國更為正面的國家中，受訪者仍認為美國政府比中國政府更可能尊重公民的個人自由——儘管自2021年以來，這方面的認知差距已大幅縮小。
The mismatch could indicate that perceptions of a country’s level of freedom at home might not bolster its reputation abroad to a degree that outweighs other factors.
這種認知落差可能表明，對一國國內自由程度的看法，未必能以足以壓過其他因素的程度來提升其在海外的聲譽。
China’s growing popularity stems from the widespread view that democracy leads to “polarization and chaos,” Kurlantzick said. China and other authoritarian countries are “doing a lot to undermine the idea that democracy is the best political system, period. That is working very well.”
庫蘭齊克表示，中國日益受到歡迎，源於普遍認為民主會導致「兩極化與混亂」。中國及其他威權國家正「竭力動搖『民主是最佳政治體制，毋庸置疑』這一觀念。這招非常有效。」
作者：Joshua Yang 7月16日 （Google 中譯）
